核电厂应急监测计划的关键问题及探讨

应急监测计划是核电厂应急计划的重要支持性文件,是核电厂应急监测准备和响应的重要依据。本文从核电厂事故应急监测方案、监测方法、监测设施设备配置、应急监测响应、监测能力的保持、质量保证等关键问题进行分析研究,提出相关建议,为核电厂应急监测计划的制订提供参考。     

HealthSit: Designing Posture-Based Interaction to Promote Exercise during Fitness Breaks

This research was motivated by a desire to help office workers change their sedentary behavior because a prolonged sedentary posture increases the risks of developing musculoskeletal injuries and chronic diseases, thus threatening their physical and psychological well-being. Regular breaks involving low-effort physical activities are effective in reducing the adverse impacts of inactive behaviors. In this article, we present the design of a posture-based interactive system called HealthSit, which was developed to promote a short lower-back stretching exercise during work breaks. Through a within-subject study involving 30 office workers, the effectiveness of HealthSit in facilitating the stretching exercise was examined by making comparisons between an interaction-aided, a guided, and a self-directed exercise mode. We also used HealthSit as a research probe to investigate the interactivity of the system in enhancing user experience and the psychological benefits of the fitness breaks. Compared with the other two modes, the interaction-aided exercise mode significantly improved the quality of the stretching exercise and enhanced motivation and emotional state. These results confirm the effectiveness of HealthSit in supporting fitness breaks as a new workplace technology. Based on our study, a set of design implications have been derived for technology-assisted fitness work breaks.     

薄板坯连铸连轧流程专利分析

以Orbit专利分析平台为主要研究工具，从专利文献中抽取专利数量指标和专利质量指标来构建评价薄板坯连铸连轧技术竞争力和企业创新能力的指标体系，结合其他文献研究的成果，从产业发展的实际出发做出分析，系统揭示了自薄板坯连铸连轧技术开发以来的技术进步、专利布局、发展演化、国内外发展现状、技术竞争实力等，有助于在专利文献提供的线索启发下开发新产品、新技术，从而有效提高研发效率。     

Effect of practice on similar and dissimilar skills in patient transfer through training with a robot patient

With the number of hospital stays increasing, nurses require more training to handle a variety of patients. However, time for training in nursing schools is limited, and students lack the opportunity to practice on a diverse variety of patients. Using a robot to simulate actual patients, this study observes the learning transfer effect of practice on practice-similar and practice-dissimilar skills from one patient to another, and investigates which types of practice suit which kinds of training. An experiment was conducted by administering a pre-test, practice, a post-test, and a transfer test to two groups (N?=?8), each with different practice-related skills. The evaluation used a checklist covering required skills that were either similar or dissimilar across groups, depending on their practice. The effect of practice can be observed through a comparison of skills similar to one group but dissimilar to the other. The results show that practice facilitates learning transfer on similar skills but not, or to a lesser degree, on dissimilar skills. Furthermore, if skills needed to handle given symptoms are unfamiliar or inaccessible to students, practice related to those symptoms should be emphasized through simulated training with robots.     

软土地区管幕群顶管施工地面沉降监测与分析

依托上海14号线桂桥路站管幕段实例工程,对管幕群顶管顶进施工过程地面沉降情况进行监测,分析群顶管施工对地面沉降的影响,在此过程中对本工程采用水土分算或合算进行讨论。根据顶进过程实际工况和监测数据,分析管幕群顶管施工影响地面的原因,提出相应控制措施。结果表明:①管幕群顶管施工引起最大地面沉降出现在始发井出加固区区域;②在本工程中采用水土合算计算正面土压力较为符合实际情况;③管幕群顶管施工过程中影响地面变形的因素主要包括前舱压力、顶进速度、洞门止水、管壁摩擦和同步注浆等方面。     

Human–Cyber–Physical Systems (HCPSs) in the Context of New-Generation Intelligent Manufacturing

An intelligent manufacturing system is a composite intelligent system comprising humans, cyber systems, and physical systems with the aim of achieving specific manufacturing goals at an optimized level. This kind of intelligent system is called a human–cyber–physical system (HCPS). In terms of technology, HCPSs can both reveal technological principles and form the technological architecture for intelligent manufacturing. It can be concluded that the essence of intelligent manufacturing is to design, construct, and apply HCPSs in various cases and at different levels. With advances in information technology, intelligent manufacturing has passed through the stages of digital manufacturing and digital-networked manufacturing, and is evolving toward new-generation intelligent manufacturing (NGIM). NGIM is characterized by the in-depth integration of new-generation artificial intelligence (AI) technology (i.e., enabling technology) with advanced manufacturing technology (i.e., root technology); it is the core driving force of the new industrial revolution. In this study, the evolutionary footprint of intelligent manufacturing is reviewed from the perspective of HCPSs, and the implications, characteristics, technical frame, and key technologies of HCPSs for NGIM are then discussed in depth. Finally, an outlook of the major challenges of HCPSs for NGIM is proposed.     

Creep life assessment method for online monitoring of steam turbine rotors

The principal objective of work was to develop fast and accurate method for online creep life monitoring of steam turbine rotors. For this purpose, a characteristic strain model of creep was investigated and validated using test data of 2%CrMoV rotor steel. The model was then used to determine creep damage functions which are introduced to compute creep damage at a constant temperature based on the Robinson time fraction rule. Finite element (FE) creep calculations of a turbine rotor were performed using the same creep model to obtain reference damage results for validating the proposed method. Comparisons of the results obtained using both methods showed a very good accuracy of the online creep damage predictions.     

“双一流”背景下专业基础课程培养创新人才

在“双一流”背景下,结合我校“工学并举”的办学特色,于电子技术基础专业课程中探索创新人才培养方法。根据“双一流”建设要求,更新教师和学生的观念,引导学生自主学习、主动实践、主动探索；采用“互联网+课堂”的教学模式,利用“课前(预习+问题)+课上(讲授+讨论)+课后(复习+举例)+课余(大作业+竞赛)”的互动模式；引入相关科技前沿,注重启发式教学,应用案例教学法,创设问题情境,开阔学生视野,培养学生的创新意识。通过科技竞赛等活动,促进学生的自主学习能力和实践能力,培养他们敢于尝试不怕失败的创新精神。     

Scalable classification of nanoparticles: A proof of principle for process design

Nanoparticles like quantum confined ZnS semiconductor nanocrystals, exhibit unique structure-property relationships. Narrow particle size distributions (PSDs) become one of the most important factors to tailor product performance. Size selective precipitation has already been proven to be an effective post processing strategy for ZnS nanoparticles. It is based on the titration of a poor liquid into a stable dispersion, which leads to the preferred flocculation of larger particles. Afterwards, these flocks must be separated from the continuous phase. While on lab scale the formed flocks can be easily separated by centrifugation from the fine fraction, for larger scale production using continuous processes, new concepts are urgently needed. Herein we developed a filtration process for flock removal that allows the handling of larger quantities. For process design, we first investigated the flock properties in order to know how stable the generated flocks are and how the flock properties can be controlled. Then, we replaced the classical flock separation by centrifugation through separation by surface filtration under the constraint that the underlying separation efficiency was not affected. By the future use of properly controlled, alternating filtration modules, our work opens the door for establishing an urgently needed, scalable post-processing for sub-10 nm nanoparticles.